Práticas de manejo que visam melhorar a qualidade do leite em uma propriedade no Município de Umari - CE.

Abstract

The objective with this paper was to diagnose milking management problems and implement good agricultural practices to improve the quality of milk at Iracema farm in the city of Umari, Ceará. We evaluated forty cattle of different breed, age and stage of lactation, being carried out the black background Mug test, CMT - Califonia Mastit Test, microbiological isolation and sensitivity. 270 positive samples in the CMT test were collected, of which 212 were obtained by mechanical milking and 58 by manual milking. There were microbial growth in 68 samples from the mechanical milking and 10 from manual, where the etiological agents found were: Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., yeasts and Pseudomonas spp. In the in vitro susceptibility testing, ampicillin, penicillin, cefotaxime and cloronfenicol were the antimicrobials with the highest resistance rate compared to the tested isolates. According to what was observed, some management practices were instituted such as hygiene of the milker, bench stuck at the waist, washing teats, paper towel use, milking line, milking hygiene and treatment of clinical mastitis. From the results of the collection held after the implementation of best management practices, there was significant decrease in cases of mastitis in both mechanical milking as in manual milking. It concludes that the implementation of simple, but appropriate management practices, according to the need of each type of milking, contributed significantly to the reduction in mastitis cases and consequently to the improvement of the quality of the milk in both forms of milking, but better in mechanical milking.