Osteomielite em pequenos animais: diagnóstico e tratamento - revisão de literatura.

Abstract

Inflammation of the medullary cavity and other structures of the bone tissue establishes osteomyelitis. This disease usually occurs due to infections, where they may be of bacterial, fungal, protozoal or viral origin, and the contamination of the bones by these microorganisms may occur hematogenously or through inoculation by bites, open fractures, foreign body penetration and use of implants in the open reduction of closed fractures. The objective of this studywas to emphasizethe importance of osteomyelitis in veterinary medicine, as well as the means of diagnosis that can be used and the treatment methods used in dogs and cats. The diagnosis of patients often requires the support of laboratory and imaging tests, where the blood count, radiography, microbiological culture and antibiogram may be requested. The treatment of osteomyelitis should vary according to the clinical signs presented by the patient and the infecting agent. In cases where they can be controlled by veterinarians, the use of preventive methods should be adopted, such as the provision of prophylactic antibiotics and the adoption of the measures that make up the surgical technique aseptic. Even with the studies that have already been done on osteomyelitis, it is still necessary that new methods of diagnosis and treatment become routine in the veterinary clinic, in order to improve the quality of life of affected animals.