Simulação computacional da ventilação natural em meio urbano: uma aplicação em conjunto vertical do PMCMV.

Abstract

undergoing a process of urban expansion and, therefore, changes in the configuration of its landscapes, characterizing and degrading its natural components. Reflecting the intense urban expansion, especially when it comes to buildings of social interest, what is seen is the emergence of large housing estates that, for the most part, disregard important requirements such as ventilation and insolation in the implantation of their blocks. And what happens in the PMCMV fact that associated with the replication of projects without taking into account the local climate raises the question of the quality of these dwellings to the detriment of quantity. One typology that has been gaining strength in this housing program is the monolithic building that, as seen in previous research (MORAIS, 2013), is very unfavorable to the internal natural ventilation of its housing units. For this reason we look at this work for this typology, however, for a study in an urban setting. The wind is considered the climatic element that changes more than the morphological conditions of the urban fabric. In this, the advantages of ventilation between buildings are related to the direct transfer of air circulation inside the buildings, as well as contributing to the mitigation of heat islands. What is observed is that the use of wind potential is not yet an exercise applied to the urban project. The research seeks to encourage urban planning considering the climatic issues, especially the use of natural ventilation, to search for a city with better environmental quality and more sustainable. In the present research, natural ventilation in urban areas was investigated through computational simulations with the aid of the CFD tool, in a vertical set of the PMCMV, since these were housing for the low-income population and also for the characteristic of the program itself. Insists on replicating projects in any localities although there are different climes. The objective is to diagnose conditions of natural ventilation in the set and propose a scenario of change for the same, aiming at improvements in ventilation of the same and less impact on their surroundings. Analyzing the results of the computational simulations of the natural ventilation in the current and proposed implantation, for incidences east (90º) and southeast (130º), it was verified that the minimum retreats, the same jig between the blocks and the implantation angle, factors that Are predicted to have a direct impact on the natural ventilation of the pool as well as its immediate surroundings. Therefore the importance of the project / planning that considers these variables and that can contribute to a better city stands out.