Conhecimento de mulheres primíparas acerca do aleitamento materno.

Abstract

Breastfeeding is a natural practice for newborn nutrition. and child, being scientifically evidenced its benefits for the mother and child binomial. Its success depends on the woman's historical, social, cultural and psychological factors, commitment and scientific technical knowledge. of the health professionals involved, and the family and social support network. The present research aimed to investigate the knowledge of primiparous women about breastfeeding. Having as a guiding question "What is the knowledge presented by primiparous women about breastfeeding?". it is of a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, carried out with six women primiparous women residing in the area covered by the São José Basic Health Units and Popular, located in the municipality of Cajazeiras - Paraíba. settled as an inclusion criterion, primiparous women residing in micro areas where community health agents are covered and their delivery took place between June and December 2017. As an exclusion criterion, primiparous women who could not be contacted during the period of data collect. Data were collected in a reserved place at the interviewee's own home, through an interview with audio recording and guided by a semi-structured form composed of objective questions about the sociodemographic profile of the sample and subjective questions of an exploratory nature related to the proposed theme. in February and March 2018, after approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Campina Grande/Teacher Training Center under opinion number 2,389.72. The analysis of objective data was carried out using descriptive statistics and subjective data in a categorical and thematic way through Laurence Bardin's Content Analysis. Four categories were built themes: Category 1 - Knowledge about Breastfeeding; Category 2 - Perception of primiparous women regarding the guidelines received; Category 3 - Influence of the support network for the practice of Breastfeeding; Category 4 - Challenges facing the Breastfeeding process. It was found that the knowledge presented by the interviewed primiparous women was significantly limited, with the nutritional value of breast milk and its benefits for the infant being more punctuated, which demonstrates failures in carrying out educational practices that could improve this knowledge. Regarding the influence of the support network, the role of the maternal grandmother and the nursing team was highlighted as the main influencers of adherence and maintenance of breastfeeding. It is evident the need to expand educational actions to encourage breastfeeding during the pregnancy-puerperal cycle for pregnant women/family/community.