Insumos orgânicos e qualidade da água no maracujazeiro amarelo e na fauna edáfica.

Abstract

The stud carried out in the municipality of Remigio, PB, from epoch November 2008 to June 2009 with the objective evaluate the performance of vegetative and productive yellow passion fruit under different doses of potassium, inputs from common natural biofertilizer and vinasse, and irrigation with saline water and not saline. The Treatments were arranged in randomized blocks in plots with three replications and three plants per experimental unit in floor area of 1,620 m . The main plot was represented by the water levels (0.5 and 4.5 dS m"1) and combination factor inputs (Biofertilizer common and vinasse) and five doses potassium derived from natural inputs (0.0, 7.5, 15.0, 22.5 and 30 mg L"1), corresponding subplots. For the soil respiration was considered the same scheme split plot described above, using three doses of potassium (0.0, 15.0 and 30 mg L"') derived from the fertilizer and vinasse, corresponding subplots, plus the dry season (November / 2008) and rainy (June 2009) and periods (daytime and nighttime) as sub-sub-subplots. The macro and mesofauna were performed on the same plots as described for soil respiration, the addition of dry and wet seasons. The Potassium was supplied from natural materials biofertilizer common and vinasse, every 90 days after planting. The results were analyzed variance and means compared by the test "F". The potassium levels were evaluated using regression polynomial. In the evaluation of macro and mesofauna of the soil were analyzed with descriptive and were done comparisons of communities in times tested (dry and wet), using the Shannon index and the index of Pielou. The vinasse promoted higher levels of potassium to the soil the biofertilizer; the addition of biofertilizer vinasse and resulted in higher levels of micronutrients in the soil in treatments with supremacy with saline water, the application of vinasse favored increase in population of soil organisms (meso and macrofauna), higher doses of potassium fostered a greater microbial activity in the period night, the predominant groups in the study area were Hymenoptera (ants) and Acarina (mites), the low value the Shannon index with consequent reduction in uniformity represented by the Pielou index showed the predominance of the group in the Hymenoptera macrofauna and mesofauna in group Acarina; treatments irrigated with saline and no trial period, favored a greater stem diameter of passion yellow, the increase in water salinity caused greater number of fruits per plant, but inhibited the average mass of fruit, with both inputs, increasing doses of potassium, independent inputs and salinity water had no effect on yield per plant, except in potassium, calcium, boron, copper and iron, in the early flowering, the yellow passion fruit seedlings were adequately supplied in the macro and micro nutrients: N, P, Mg, S, Zn and Mn, the physical characteristics of fruits were not were influenced by water quality, the type of input or by the potassium, however, the acidity the fruit increased with the use of biofertilizers, while vinasse improved the quality of the fruit.