Avaliação físico-química do carvão das espécies Eucalyptus grandis Hill (ex Maiden) e Eucalyptus saligna Smith proveniente de plantios no Rio de Janeiro.

Abstract

The Brazil produces about 1/3 of world production of charcoal and almost all is designed to Brazilian production of pig iron, the iron alloys and silicon metal. In an increasingly competitive market it is necessary that forestry companies conducting a permanent search for genetic materials that provide wood with properties suitable for a particular purpose, combined with high productivity and quality. In this context this study aims to evaluate the quality of charcoal from Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden and Eucalyptus saligna Smith coming of seeds of the city Anhembi-SP, grows in the Paty do Alferes - RJ with six years old. Therefore, we randomly selected six trees per species during 3hs carbonized at 500ºC. Were determined gravimetric yield in charcoal, yield in pyroligneous liquid and non-condensable gases, physicochemical analysis, density and calorific value of charcoal. The wood basic density of E. grandis was 445 kg/m3, to E. saligna 442.5 kg/m3 was no significant difference between the averages obtained, for apparent density of charcoal there was no significant difference as a result of the physical properties of wood, with average of 335 Kg/m3 and 334 Kg/m3, however there were differences in their gravimetric yield with averages of 23.45% and 25.7%, respectively, presenting fixed carbon content for the E. grandis of 91,25% and E. saligna of 85,41%, calorific value superior 8351Kcal/Kg and 8491Kcal/Kg, respectively, although the species E. saligna has showed a higher fixed carbon, shall choose the species E. grandis to these conditions of plantations for activities requiring high fixed carbon content with low content of volatile material.