Diagnóstico físico conservacionista da microbacia hidrográfica do Rio Farinha - PB.

Abstract

The process of degradation of the environmental system of the Farinha river basin is due to the inadequacy of land use planning and natural factors. The objective of this study was to perform the Physical Conservation Diagnosis (CFD), as a tool to evaluate the degradation of the system resulting from potential conflicts between current use and land use support capacity, integrating geotechnologies to the physical characterization of the microbasin. Two softwares were used: QGIS 2.18.17 for vector data generation and IDRISI Selva V.17, environment for raster data processing. In these environments the Digital Terrain Model (MDT) of the SRTM project was included in the generation of plans for the delimitation of the watershed tract, drainage network, compartmentalization and mean slope. Images of the Landsat 8 satellite, OLI sensor in bands 3, 4 and 5, were used for visual and supervised classification, from which a hybrid classification was derived. The application of the Physical-Conservationist Diagnosis (CFD) resulted in 3 of the 4 classes of fitness for use capacity, namely: class A (land suitable for agriculture and urbanization) in compartment 1, where no conflicts were observed; class D (suitable only for forests) in compartment 2, obtained 24.2% of conflicts and class C (land suitable for pasture or forests) in compartment 3, with 6.3% of conflicts. In addition, the forest cover area for the three compartments was significantly satisfactory, mitigating the impacts of deterioration in the microbasin that was determined in 17.6%, and the land use planning was adequately distributed according to the applied methodology.