Miniestaquia seminal em Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão com o uso de substratos alternativos.

Abstract

Locally known as Aroeira, Aroeira-do-sertão or Urundeúva, Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão is a species belonging to the family Anacardiaceae and can be found in several regions of Brazil and other countries. Obtaining seeds with viability for the propagation of the species in the semi-arid region is not always possible due to the local conditions and limitations of the species itself. Therefore, one of the alternatives to propagate the species when there is this type of limitation is through the technique of clonal propagation called minicutting. Thus, the aim of the research was to evaluate ministumps of M. urundeuva Allemão (Aroeira) of seminal origin from the third year of its establishment, submitted to different heights of cuttle, and to the use of alternative substrates in the survival of minicuttings. The research was carried out in two stages, both supported by the experimental clonal minijardim of M. urundeuva established in the year 2015. The clonal minigarden was composed of ministumps of seminal origin and submitted to three different heights of cuttle (10, 25 and 40 cm), which served as source of vegetative propagules for the next step. The ministumps were arranged in a completely randomized design (DIC) with the three cutting heights and 12 repetitions, totaling 36 plots. Data from survival, collection diameter and minicuttings production were collected periodically. The second stage evaluated the survival of minicuttings as well as the efficiency of the use of alternative substrates: commercial substrate Bioplant® (Witness), substrate composed of 2/3 of subsoil soil and 1/3 of animal manure (traditional substrate of the nursery UFCG forest), green coconut husk powder (PC), co-product resulting from vermiculite (CV) extraction, substrate composed of 50% PC and 50% CV. In this evaluation the DIC was also used, where the plots consisted of nine minicuttings, with 5 treatments (substrates) and 4 replications, totaling 20 plots. At approximately 34 months, the M. urundeuva ministumps maintained 100% survival for the three cut off heights. The observation of this result becomes important to demonstrate the viability of the use of this technique for the production of seedlings of the species, mainly due to the absence of mortality. The cut at 10 cm is more indicated, as it allows the beginning of the production of the propagules sooner. The highest survival rates of minicuttings at 118 days after planting were observed with the use of substrates composed of 2/3 of subsoil soil + 1/3 of animal manure and the substrate composed of 50% of coconut powder + 50% of vermiculite co-product.