Avaliação da bioatividade de ligas de NiTi tratadas a laser para aplicação em implantes dentários.

Abstract

NiTi alloys are widely used in devices for dentistry, as in dental implants, due to their biocompatible, shape memory and superelasticity. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the bioactivity and the morphological characteristics of NiTi alloy (45.3% Ni and 54.7% Ti), treated with laser and uncoated apatite. Thus, the NiTi alloys were obtained by the technique Plasma Skull Push Pull, the samples were subsequently treated superficially laser (Yb: YAG) and the biomimetic method in SBF-0 and SBF-6 (Simulated Body Fluid), both 1,5 M. The bioactivity analysis was performed by weighing spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The spectroscopy revealed increased concentration of oxygen and carbon after ablation, favoring the diffusion of oxygen atoms and formation of titanium oxides. After the biomimetic apatite deposition method on SBF-0 and 6, the coating had a molar ratio of Ca/P ratio of 1,0, characterizing the formation of low crystalline apatite. It could be observed that the combination of laser irradiation and chemical deposition of apatite by biomimetic method in SBF-6, but has shown a better performance in terms of bioactivity and topography of the alloy, the mass gain was not statistically significant at 5 %. These properties may contribute to greater interaction of the biomaterial with the biological environment and possible reduction in the time of osseointegration.