Regiões afetadas, exames utilizados e tratamentos aplicados em vítimas de traumas bucomaxilofaciais.

Abstract

One of the leading causes of death in the world has been traumas. Among them, the face traumas that stand out for having emotional, functional repercussions and permanent deformities. The study of the treatments and complications of the traumatisms in face allow to qualify and to quantify the acquired sequels. The objective of this study was to conduct an epidemiological survey of the most affected bone fractures, the diagnostic tests used, the most used treatments and the time of recovery in the postoperative period. This cross-sectional study had an inductive approach with comparative statistical procedure and direct field documentation research technique. The universe consisted of all hospital records obtained from January 2016 to December 2017, of patients attended by the Department of Buccomaxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology of the Regional Hospital Deputado Janduhy Carneiro in the city of Patos, Paraíba. The sample was composed by carefully observing the duly completed and readable medical records, totaling 332 medical records. Data collection was performed by two previously calibrated examiners, who selected the charts and tabulated the information together. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. The nasal fractures of the nose stood out with 38.2% of the cases, with the radiographs as the only imaging exam presenting a percentage of 39.2%, followed by computerized tomographies that totaled 29.5%; treatment was the surgical one with 73.8% and the most performed procedure was rigid internal fixation with 36.73% of the procedures, 25% of the patients had one day of hospitalization. Analyzing and understanding the resources used for the diagnosis of trauma in the face, as well as the main types of treatment and the temporal perspective of patient recovery allows to enrich the literature on Buccomaxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology.