Caracterização e alternativas de tratamento de resíduos sólidos produzidos em pequenas comunidades de região semiárida.

Abstract

The current work had as objective to realize the quantification and characterization by physical and chemical methods from sludge of septic tank and from solid home residues produced by the resident population in “Malhada da Roça” municipal district of “São João do Cariri/PB”, little community of semi-arid region that uses septic tanks in their homes. During the project development meetings and workshops were held with the participation of the community studied, aiming to exchange experience with regard to the characterization of sludge from septic tanks, solid waste and household organic farming, co-composting process with a view to disseminating this knowledge and overcome prejudice against the use of organic manure originated from sewage sludge. In purpose to contribute and to amplify the knowledge with the community “Malhada da Roça”, district of “São João do Cariri/PB” were installed and monitored in two pilot scale co-composting piles: pile one, composting vegetable residues (legumes and fruit’s barks leftovers), sludge from septic tank and pruned leafs; pile two, composting manure and sludge from septic tank. The co-composting process of both piles are efficient in removing helminthes eggs, producing, however, compost (biossolid) of good sanitary quality that can be used in soil to agriculture conform the Normative Instructure Nº 25, from 2009, from Agriculture Minister, Cattle Breeding and Supply (BRAZIL, 2009). To Composting sludge from skeptical tank with vegetable residues will produce about 11% of bissolids during the composting of sludge with manure will produce since 50% to 72% of composting with greatest majority in dust way (82%), thickness of 2mm attending to requisites of legislation (BRAZIL, 2006).