Mecanismo de defesa uterina na vaca e na égua (revisão de literatura).

Abstract

The uterus is the centric for the reproduction, allowing and favoring the access of the spermatozoon until oviduct, being capable to react to the presence of the semen and the contamination caused for the covering and ensure an environment capable to keep the development of the embryo and it embryo, during the long period of the gestation. The uterine environment can easily be modified by subsequent inflammatory processes to the bacterial invasion, induced for matting, forced insemination, calving or examinations. The majority of these disorders has deleterious effect on the ovarian activity, conception index, numbers of services for conception and embryonic survival, increase in the interval between calving, beyond increasing the expenses with treatments, with risk of discarding of animals of high production. The mechanism for which the uterus answers the aggressions involves an interaction between the components of the cellular immunologic reply, represented for phagocytosis and death for the uterine leukocytes, humoral reply represented by the immunoglobulin, physical mechanisms and hormonals relations between oestrogen, progesterone and prostaglandin. The knowledge of the factors that act in this complex mechanism is very important for the establishment of strategies of control and treatment of the uterine infections.