Impactos ambientais de empreendimentos de geração de energia de fontes eólica e solar: estudo comparativo de relatórios de impacto ambiental.

Abstract

Renewable energy is energy from inexhaustible natural resources, such as sun and wind, to meet population demand. These types of alternatives contribute to complement the hydroelectric sources, because at some point this same source will not supply all the demand, being viable the search for renewable sources. In addition to being considered clean and promising, these renewable sources also have environmental impacts, but unlike traditional sources, they harm the environment much less, consequently generating less negative impacts. Environmental impacts can be mentioned: visual alteration, soil erosion, noise emissions, air and water contamination, death of animals and among others that are caused due to the installation of wind farms and photovoltaic solar plants. An alternative to mitigate these impacts is to install them in places far from the local community, thus not disturbing the residents, as well as adequate handling and maintenance measures for the machines, providing a balanced environment. To carry out this study, searches were carried out on Google Scholar, Scielo and CAPES Periodicals Portal following combinations such as: "wind energy" and "impacts" and "solar energy" and "impacts", in which the contents that composed this research were selected. academic. Therefore, the Environmental Impact Reports found were extremely important to ensure the installation or not of wind and solar generation projects.