Dermatite alérgica em ovinos e aversão alimentar condicionada no controle do consumo de Musa sp (Banana) por ovinos.

Abstract

It describes an outbreak of seasonal allergic dermatitis in sheep and experimental study of conditioned aversion to ingestion of banana (Musa sp). Both studies were undertaken in the city of Aparecida, State of Paraiba. The allergic dermatitis outbreak was recorded between the months of May to October 2013 in a property where they were created extensively 25 sheep of different ages, mestizos of Dorper X Santa Inês. The disease affects 24% (6/25) of animals. The disease manifested itself with an intense pruritus associated with areas of progressive loss of hair around the head, neck, back, rump, base of the tail and belly. The development and intensity of the lesions varied and the inflammatory response characterized eosinophilic dermatitis. The clinical findings and the identification of mosquitoes belonging to the family Culicidae confirmed the occurrence of seasonal allergic dermatitis in the region. The aversion experiment was conducted during July to December 2014 in property where the production of bananas and sheep was held in the same area. The herd of property consisted of 32 sheep that eagerly ate bananas. The animals received via gavage a lithium chloride solution at a dose of 175mg/kg body weight. The aversion procedure was repeated for three consecutive days in animals that spite of the procedure was stilling eating the fruits. After initial dosage was observed that all the animals remained eating bananas. On the second day 68.75% (22/32) did not ingest the fruits and in the third day 84.38% (27/32) didn´t do this. The remaining five animals (15.62%) were again subjected to aversion process and subsequently showed no more interest in the fruit. In August, 32 days after the beginning of the experiment, was observed that 97.75% (31/32) of the animals showed no interest in consuming the fruits. At 63, 93 and 123 days similar behavior was observed. However, 152 days after the start of the study, 78.12% sheep (25/32) returned to eat the fruits after decrease of availability of forages. It is concluded that the conditioned aversion can be a tool to prevent the consumption of fruits, but is necessary avoid starvation, social facilitation and start aversion procedures early.