Plantas tóxicas para bovinos e equinos em Roraima.

Abstract

Information on plant poisonings in ruminants and horses in state of Roraima are scarce. Wherefore describes outbreaks of poisoning by plants in cattle and horses in state of Roraima. This work consists of three chapters formatted based on the journal's standards. The first chapter, published in journal TOXICON (v.60, n.3, p.324-328, 2012), it reports the poisoning by Indigofera lespedezioides in horses. The clinical signs observed in a horse affected spontaneously and another induced experimentally, were anorexia, sleepiness, incoordination, severe ataxia, weakness, stumbling, and progressive weight loss. Histological lesions were neuronal lipofuscinosis observed in the brain, cerebellum, and spinal cord and Wallerian-type degeneration on some mesencephalic tracts. The toxic compound found was indospicine and nitro toxins. The second chapter, published in journal TOXICON (v.82, p.93-96, 2014), describe the spontaneous poisoning by Solanum subinerme Jack as a cause of cerebellar cortical degeneration in cattle in state of Roraima. Clinical signs were periodic epileptiform crises loss of balance, falls and recovery. The histological lesions consisted of slim vacuolation of the perikaryon of the Purkinje neurons, followed by the loss of these cells and their substitution by Bergman glia. The third chapter, published in journal TOXICON (v.115, p.22-27, 2016), reports a study in regard to the classification and putative toxicity of Fridericia japurensis (Arrabidaea japurensis) in Brazil. The objective of this research was to determine if F. japurensis contains monofluoracetate (MFA) and causes sudden death by investigating several sites in the state of Roraima where this plant was suspected of causing sudden death, evaluating the clinical signs and histologic lesions in rabbits dosed. Herbarium specimens of F. japurensis and Tanaecium bilabiatum and field collections of the areas where there were sudden deaths were evaluated for the presence of MFA. T. bilabiatum was positive for MFA, as already described above, while the F. japurensis was negative. Field collections have caused sudden death in rabbits and were positive for MFA. Upon review taxonomic F. japurensis, previously described as the cause of sudden death in Roraima, it was found that it was incorrectly identified. The correct botanical name for this plant is T. bilabiatum. Thus, this paper corrects the previously reported literature.