Avaliação clínica da saúde bucal e da prevalência de hipossalivação e associação com parâmetros estudados em pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise no Município de Patos - PB.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the clinical and oral health conditions of chronic renal patients submitted to hemodialysis in the city of Patos-PB, Brazil. For data collection, a detailed anamnesis was performed, with oral clinical examination, blood pressure measurement, digital oximetry, sialometry with a graduated cylinder at 0.1 mL and data collection in the medical records, all data were recorded in the instrument. collect. Thirty-five patients with a diagnosis of chronic renal failure participated in the study. According to the data, the majority were men (n = 23; 51.1%), with a mean age of 51.02, ranging from 22 to 80 years. The mean duration of nephropathy was 6.54 years, ranging from 0.08 to 59 years, and the two main causes for nephropathy were hypertension (n = 19, 42.2%) and diabetes (n = 6; , 3%). The mean values of systolic and diastolic arterial pressures were indicative of arterial hypertension. The prevalence of xerostomia and hyposalivation were, respectively, 60.0% (n = 27) and 24.4% (n = 11). The results of the laboratory tests showed that the mean values of urea (M = 115.96), calcium (M = 10.36) and phosphorus (M = 4.84) and glycemia (M = 158.05) were elevated. Regarding the hemoglobin and hematocrit values, the mean values were below the reference limits. The most prevalent comorbidities and risk factors were: hypertension (n = 31, 68.9%), stress (n = 25, 55.6%), smoking (n = 18, 40.0% 14, 31.1%) and cardiopathies (n = 14, 31.1%). There was a statistically significant association between hyposalivation and diabetes (p = 0.02). The proportion of hyposalivation was significantly higher among patients with diabetes (n = 7; 50.0%) compared to those without diabetes (n = 4; 12.9%). The patient with Chronic Renal Disease needs special attention in dental care because many oral complications may arise from Chronic Renal Disease itself or from comorbidities such as hyposalivation.