Xerostomia e hipossalivação: avaliação em pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 no município de Patos - PB.

Abstract

Considered a heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders, diabetes mellitus (DM) may be the result of a deficiency in the action and / or secretion of insulin, characterizing a hyperglycemia. Dry mouth or xerostomia is reported in about 10% to 30% of diabetic patients who can show a decrease in the amount of saliva. Understanding xerostomia and hyposalivation (HS), which are some of the oral alterations among the several found, may be relevant to improve the quality of life of patients with DM. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between xerostomia and HS in type 2 diabetic patients in the city of Patos - PB, as well as to associate the sociodemographic data of the sample with xerostomia and HS, in addition to identifying the types of drugs associated with these alterations. Methodology: A quantitative and explanatory survey study in a sample composed of 50 patients, with data collected and annotated in a medical research chart. For the clinical diagnosis of HS, an analysis was made of the amount of saliva at rest, where the patient deposited in a graduated cylinder at 0.1 mL, for 5 minutes, spitting every minute. And postprandial blood glucose (2h) collection after meal. Results: At the end of this study, it was observed that 78% of the patients were female; 82% elderly. 44% of the sample used more than one medication, which could cause salivary changes (76.7%). 72.7% of the men presented with xerostomia; 69% of the total HS sample. Patients with decompensated DM were 1.2 times more likely to have HS, although this relation was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It was concluded that HS is present in most patients, they did not have glycemic control and a good part of the sample was elderly.