Enxerto ósseo autógeno proveniente do mento e ramo mandibular: revisão de literatura.

Abstract

The anterior region of the maxilla is an area of greater aesthetic concern for patients when performing prosthetic rehabilitation through osseointegrated implants, which requires a bone quantity to be adequately supported at the time of rehabilitation. Among the materials available for reconstruction, autogenous bone is considered as the first option for bone reconstruction, presenting properties of osteoconduction, osteoinduction, osteogenesis, considered as gold standard. This bone helps in the correction of defects of bone thickness and height. The denture graft may cover an edentulous region of up to three teeth, has a low cost and low morbidity and is classified as a type 2 bone, cortical-medullary. The mandibular ramus graft shows a large cortical bone portion and a small juxtaposed quantity of bone marrow present, being classified as bone type 1. The objective of this study was to review the literature discussing the anatomy, volume, surgical techniques and complications associated with obtaining a bone graft from the chin and mandibular ramus. A bibliographic search was carried out from the Google Academic, CAPES Periodic Portals, PubMed and related books in the period from 22/11/2016 to 18/06/2017, selecting 35 studies, which were included in the study proposed theme. It is concluded that the reconstruction of maxillary defects through the mandibular bone grafts consists of a simple, easy, limited morbidity method and offers predictable results.