Análise comparativa de modelos de fontes fotovoltaicas no contexto da geração distribuída.

Abstract

A study on the influence of the insertion of photovoltaic distributed generation in power distribution systems is presented. The aim is to evaluate the suitability of the most usual photovoltaic generator models in the literature to the requirements needed in the studies of the electric power distribution systems. For this, mathematical models corresponding to photovoltaic sources, with irradiance and temperature curves as inputs, were programmed in MATLAB® software. From the equations that characterize the equivalent electrical circuit of each model, the software provides the respective characteristic curves P-V and I-V. Three models of photovoltaic sources were evaluated under different environmental conditions of irradiance and temperature. With the results obtained, a comparative analysis of the accuracy of the models in the maximum power point was made. The power values obtained by each model were applied to the modeling of a photovoltaic generator in a test feeder built in OpenDSS software. After insertion of the solar photovoltaic generator, the voltage profile, the technical losses and the load flow of the substation of the system were evaluated. In general, the results showed that the solar generator connection helped to reduce the technical losses and caused an improvement in the voltage profile.