Arranjo produtivo local sustentável: o caso do setor de calçados de Campina Grande/PB.

Abstract

With the changes in the market, the company seeks new ways to act, appearing in this scenario the Local Productive Arrangement - APL which is a combination of local conditions which give the appearance of new paradigms of production, with economies of scale above the existing ones, what causes new relations of interaction and competition between organizations. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the general arrangement of Local Productive Shoes of Campina Grande / PB through the assessment of their competitiveness and the measurement of indicators of sustainability of the municipality, from the perspective of sustainable development and the social responsibility businesses, and as specific objectives: to identify indicators of sustainability of the city of Campina Grande / PB; raise the main features of the APL Shoes of Campina Grande / PB, related to the historical process, concepts, forms of activity, trends and challenges and assess the degree of competitiveness of enterprises in footwear, as well as the degree of social responsibility from them. With the aim of better understanding the dynamics of the APL Shoes of Campina Grande / PB, we chose to investigate only the Micro Small and Médium Enterprises - MPMEs, considering that the only large-sized company located in the city could distort the interpretation the data obtained. Thus, it adopted a non-probability sampling for accessibility, so the group studied consisted of 25 companies and the sample consists of 20 companies that offered to provide the necessary information for this research, which opened its doors to the direct observations to study the variables defined in this study, representing 80% of the universe of MPMEs manufacturers of footwear in the municipality of Campina Grande / PB. Based on the results related to systemic factors, structural and business competitiveness of APL, it was possible to characterize it as "low levei of competitiveness" in order that the average found on competitive factors was 69.55% of determinants and only 30.45% unfavorable favorable. With the Index of Sustainable Development of the city of Campina Grande / PB in general is "Acceptable" getting the value of 0.57 is located on the scale between 0500 < IS < 0649. Already based on the results relating to the factors of relationship with the local community, social action, transparency, leadership, social, responsibility to future generations forward and managing the environmental impact of the APL Shoes of Campina Grande / PB was possible to characterize the APL as " low levei "of commitment to social and environmental issues, considering that the average found in relation to the factors was 80.36% and negative determinants of only 19.65% in favor. Taking the conclusion that the city presents favorable conditions for sustainable development, but needs to better analyze these conditions in order to adopt more effective policies.