Viabilidade técnica para instalação de uma planta solar fotovoltaica flutuante no reservatório de Prazeres-CE.

Abstract

The implementation of floating photovoltaic systems has taken great proportions over the last few years, since the search for clean and renewable energy generation is fundamental when dealing with sustainable development, therefore, floating photovoltaic plants stand out in terms of reducing degradation of areas for the installation of conventional systems on land and in the efficient generation of energy. On the other hand, it can trigger challenges and impacts during the insertion and maintenance of these systems. In view of this, the objective of this project was to carry out the design of a floating photovoltaic solar plant in the Prazeres reservoir, located in the municipality of Barro - CE, a Brazilian semi-arid region that offers advantages for the formation of this study, with data collected for 18 years, and also, reference possible impacts caused by the implementation of such a system. Based on the characteristics of the reservoir, the central purpose is to propose a methodology for dimensioning FVF systems based on the Permanence Curve (CP) of the weir. Four main steps were carried out: collection of the historical series of the weir, elaboration of the CP pertinent to the flooded area, admission of reliability levels and analysis of the limits obtained for the installation of the PVF plant, and also, results of the installed capacity and daily electric production based on on photovoltaic (PV) production data in the area. Two scenarios were adopted in terms of energy generation. The 1st scenario with a 90% reliability level and the 2nd scenario with 70% reliability. Two types of modules were adopted for each scenario, a 245Wp module and a 275Wp module. The annual electric energy generation in the studied reservoir can reach 5,874 GWh and 14, 745 GWh. However, the installation of the PVF plant is merely one of the pillars for achieving an improvement in the management of the energy system, since, in order to achieve full efficiency, conscious consumption and concern for impacts and the prior study of the area are fundamental importance, aiming to collaborate in this constant search for sustainable energy systems that contribute in an ecologically balanced way to the environment.