Efeitos da TSM dos oceanos Atlântico e Pacífico tropicais sobre o vento no Estado da Paraíba.

Abstract

Wind can be conceptualized as air displacement due to variations in atmospheric pressure. This displacement of atmospheric air is due to some aspects, such as the differences in atmospheric pressure, between two regions. Sea Surface Temperature (TSM) in the Pacific and Tropical Atlantic Oceans directly influences climatic conditions around the globe, as well as the El Niño and La Niña phenomena. Such conditions that can be altered due to the influence of TSM anomalies on the Tropical Atlantic Ocean. These anomalies characterize the phenomenon known as Tropical Atlantic Dipole. Thus, the sea surface temperature of the Tropical Atlantic and Pacific oceans associated with ENOS and DIPOLO events cause changes in the surface wind conditions in Paraíba/Northeast Brazil and in this case causing impacts on energy prospecting by wind force. Therefore, the present research has as general objective to verify correlations between El Niño and La Niña and Dipolo positive and negative events wind intensity and evaluate wind behavior in locations of strong wind potential. For this, reanalysis data of the zonal (u) and southern (v) wind components were used for heights of 10m and 100m, with spatial resolution 0.25° x 0.25°, during the years 1981-2010. As results, in general, it is found that the lowest values of the average wind speed for the two levels were obtained in the mesoregion of the Sertão Paraibano. It is also verified that the highest intensities are observed in the northern part of the Borborema and Coastal regions. The effect of the topography of the region influences the wind behavior in the State of Paraíba, due to its rugged terrain. All localities have wind potential, with greater prominence in Juazeirinho. In El Niño events, the smallest variations in wind speed were verified, and in cases of La Niña, and Negative Dipole/Gradient, the greatest wind speed variability is observed. The predominant direction in the analyzed localities is from southeast.