Literatura e Psicanálise: lendo as personagens de O retrato de Dorian Gray a partir da Teoria Freudiana.

Abstract

The novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, written by the Irishman Oscar Wilde, is the writer's best known work, but not his only one. It is the story of Dorian Gray, a handsome young man who poses for a friend of his, and from a painting of himself, undergoes a transformation of personality, while his physical appearance remains the same over the years, and the painting suffers the actions of time. Having its first edition released in 1890, it has a large collection of related works since then, on various themes within the work, mostly related to beauty or some other topic about the Victorian era, and there are almost no works that relate the chosen work to psychoanalysis, more specifically to the Freudian line of research. For this reason this work will seek to do a research of the character category based on Candido (2009) and Eagleton (2017) that will bring in their works some definitions, characteristics and typologies of character in fiction, making then a bridge between literature and psychoanalysis, an analysis of the three main characters in the novel, Dorian Gray, Lord Henry Wotton and Basil Hallward, within the Freudian theory called Freud's second topic, which the author explains about the human psychic apparatus and how it is divided, but at the same time are interconnected. From this, we will analyze how the three characters can be illustrations of these instances that are called ego, id, and superego. In order to carry out this research, the dialogues and thoughts of the characters presented through the narrative voice will be taken into consideration.