As geotecnologias no estudo da construção social dos riscos às atividades agrícolas e ao meio ambiente: municípios de Caicó / RN e Medianeira / PR.

Abstract

The contemporary development in social, political, economic and cultural settings deserves further consideration in organizational aspects, valuation of human and social actors' participation in decisions that directly affect people's lives. This study was done from interpretive analysis of multispectral and multi-temporal remote sensing images, and reading of the environmental conditions through field work and evaluation of the vulnerabilities of rural households in the municipalities of Caicó, State of Rio Grande do Norte and Medianeira, State of Paraná and digital images as well. The main objective of this research was to identify the dynamics of environmental degradation, vulnerability of rural families of the two counties and forms of occupation of rural land with the help of computational tools, and to make a comparative study as well, between the both cities with very different characteristics in some respects, however very similar in others. For example the municipality of Caicó is located in a semiarid region, while the municipality of Medianeira is situated in a subtropical climate zone with four well-defined seasons. The two cities are similar in the aspects of rural / urban distribution and present identical municipal human development indexes. The comparative analysis between both municipalities (Caicó and Medianeira), showed that the human activities in the rural area are presented differently in respect of the land use through the conditions imposed by nature, however the goal is only one: thoroughly explore natural resources in favor of the capital gain and the profit margin, which resembles the two areas and shows the effects of the capitalist form of production that is undermining the relationships between nature and humans. The absence of the State Government to provide specialized technical assistance, supervision or observation of the legislation that guides the forms of appropriation and exploitation of natural resources is visible and generates social, economic and environmental factors that may have consequences with disastrous consequences for the future generations.