Repercussões inerentes ao uso da terapia nutricional em recém-nascidos pré-termo: desafios e avanços.

Abstract

Preterm newborns are a group in pediatrics that require more hospital care compared to term infants. They may present several nutritional risks and comorbidities, making it paramount that they receive the appropriate supplies for each individuality. With this in mind, the objective is to analyze information about the quality indicators in nutritional therapy in hospitalized pediatric patients. The current work consists of an integrative systematic review of literature,

with development through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. In 2019, a systematic review of 12 papers, including 1,879

infants < 2,500 g birth weight, demonstrated that formula nutrition, compared with mostly unsupplemented Donated Human Milk (DHL), resulted in improved weight gain, linear length, and head growth. The European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) recommends 1.5 g/kg/day for amino acids, lipid emulsions should not exceed 4 g/kg/day and glucose being recommended initially at 4-8 mg/kg/min and prevent overfeeding or excessive glucose loading. Based on the above, the present research aims to present information about the repercussions inherent to Enteral Nutritional Therapy (ENT) in hospitalized premature newborns. As well as, contribute to enhance the ways that lead to the specialized treatment for these patients, taking into account a multidisciplinary care and a horizontal model, i.e., a health model that aims at the complete well-being of neonates and their guardians, taking into account aspects that go beyond the health-disease state, aspects that include the social, economic, cultural, religious and environmental aspects.