As artes de fazer nascer: do parto doméstico ao parto hospitalar - o corpo feminino medicalizado (Campina Grande: 1950-1970).

Abstract

Interest in the maternity theme was taking shape, and space, and was gestated in the womb of scientific research through the eyes of several fields of knowledge such as medicine, sociology and anthropology. History in turn, could marginalize the object of study that provided and provides a breadth of opportunities for study within a historiographical operation. Analysing the context of the main characters in the ritual of birth (midwife, doctor and mother), was one of the first steps of this research Essay, to plunge it in the discourse constructed to determine the locations for each of those involved. Through the documents (newspapers, Regulations, Regulations, Bills, Books births), photos and oral histories, we can partially understand the medicalization of childbirth in the city of Campina Grande, between 1950-1970. Another approach discussed was the midwife, said traditional medical discourse and in popular discourse, from the creation of office space and places occupied by those who now must answer for the female body (and maternity hospitals). It was also very important to reflect on the tactics and resistance in relation to the medicalization of childbirth as a symbol of what is modern, safe, hygienic, medical knowledge contextualizing versus popular knowledge. Thus making this issue even more exciting.