A desnasalização de ditongo nasal final de formas verbais: um estudo diacrônico.

Abstract

The main purpose of this academic work is to verify that the linguistic manifestation that deviates from the precepts imposed by traditional grammar shows a relationship with the Portuguese language once spoken in Portugal, which covers the origins of some variations, just like final nasal diphthong denasalization of verbs in the 3rd person of plural in present, past perfect, past imperfect indicative, imperfect subjunctive and infinitive personal. The specific purposes are: describe final nasal diphthong denasalization on verbs in the 3rd person of plural inside speech of scholar people from different age groups in Campina Grande area and demonstrate the dynamic and social aspect of the language, since speakers contribute for diversity of the language spoken in Brazil. This research corpus is formed by ancient historical documents and people speech recordings of a same familiar group and different age groups of people who live in Campina Grande area, in order to we verify actual and historical evidences of denasalization in verbal forms. For the study of this corpus we have considered the theoretical contributions about: formation of the Portuguese language, demonstrating many influences which it have received; language variation and change, to identify factors that influence linguistic diversity; and descriptive studies about concordance, once the loss of nasalization may cause lack of agreement in the sentence. In our analyses, we realized that before the regulation of ortography, denasalization in verbal forms was already present in Portuguese language, just like in archaic times. Besides, we found that the loss of nasalization in verb forms may cause lack of verbal concordance in sentences, when it is realized in the present and in the imperfect past tense of indicative mode, such as in the imperfect past tense of subjuctive mode and personal infinitive, because the lack of nasalization causes the verbal forms manifestation in the singular. However, if this phenomenon is manifested in verbs in the past tense of the indicative, the verbal form will continue to agree with the subject, once the temporal mode and personal numeric morphemes are not presented in the singular, but there is a new morpheme –ru. The results show us that linguistic variations are present in the speech of people in less monitored ambience and speakers, by a process of least effort, tend to follow the principle of linguistic economy, simplifying the pronunciation of words.