Desencontros no processo de urbanização: por uma drenagem sustentável para a Bacia da Ramadinha em Campina Grande - PB.

Abstract

The Brazilian social inequality is represented, mainly, in the precarious housing conditions in precarious settlements. The improvement of the conditions of these settlements can be carried out through their urbanization and regularization and the largest urbanization program carried out to date in the country was the Growth Acceleration Program (PAC) in the form of urbanization of precarious settlements (UAP). In Campina Grande, Paraiba, four urbanization interventions have been carried out by this program since 2007. In one of these, the Urbanization of the Bodocongó Region, a macrodrainage work was carried out in a body of water that crossed the Ramadinha basin, with resettlement of families that occupied its margins. In the Ramadinha basin, the area object of this work, basic, conventional and nonintegrated interventions were carried out. The emphasis given in this work to sustainable urban drainage, in terms of measures and potential interventions, is justified by the existence of flooding even after intervention. As main references for the approach and development of the work, the field of Urban Design Sensitive to Water (WSUD) and Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) for integrated water management were considered. As for methodological procedures, the following were used: literature review; documentary research; the analysis of correlates; assessment of housing, mobility and drainage conditions; the identification and evaluation of parameters and legal instruments; and the verification of the possibility of using sustainable drainage techniques. With the development of the work, it was possible to verify the various problems related to drainage in the Ramadinha basin and to elaborate scenarios for the adoption of sustainable drainage, also guaranteeing the creation of leisure spaces, improvements in equipment and paving, demonstrating the importance of the drainage approach. sustainable urban development and the use of SUDS to improve the reality of the residents of the study area. It was evident from this work that integrated sustainable urban drainage is an essential approach to the urbanization of Brazilian cities, especially to face the inadequacies and socioenvironmental risks in precarious settlements.