Qualidade fisiológica, nutricional e sanitária de sementes armazenadas de amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.), produzidas no semiárido nordestino.

Abstract

The peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a growth crop in the Northeast and there is a lack of information about post-harvesting problems in the region. Studied are the physiological, nutritional and preservation qualities of peanut seeds produced in the states of Paraíba - PB, Pernambuco - PE, Segtpe - SE and Bahia - BA. The seeds used were acquired in open markets in the source and stored in aniagem bags in the environmental conditions of Campina Grande - PB. Afterwards, they were subjected to analysis every two months for worthiness ( germination and vigor), humidity level determination, chemical composition ( oil and protein) and micro -organims ( quantification of fungal species). The experimental demarcation used was entirely casual, with five repetitions, being made up of the following factors: four "crioulas" strains (produced in Paraíba, Pernambuco Sergipe and Bahia); two preservation treatments (seeds treated and untreated with fungicide) and six storage periods ( 0,2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 months). Based upon the results, it is concluded that: 1) the different results shown by the strains over all of the analysed factors are associated with the environmental conditions where they were produced; 2) the strain produced in Sergipe was the hardiest; 3) the chemical composition varied in accordance with the strain and the duration of storage; 4) the treatment with fungicide (PCNB 75%) favored the preservation of the physiological quality and the lowest occurrence of fungus in the seeds and 5) the analysis of the micro-organisms showed the predominance of the fungal strains Aspergillus and Fmaríum.