Análise do Panorama dos Transtornos Alimentares durante a pandemia da Covid-19 e a importância da atuação do nutricionista no tratamento.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic was an emerging infectious outbreak that caused several damages to the population, from deaths, economic fragility and problems related to physical and mental health, mainly affecting people with pre-existing psychological and physical disorders. In addition, the change in routine caused by the pandemic reduced access to health care and social support, influencing emotional regulation eating behavior, which may have affected people with Eating Disorders (ED). In this sense, the study aimed to carry out an integrative review on the panorama of eating disorders during the pandemic and to identify the role of the nutritionist in the follow-up of these patients. To this end, a search was carried out in the Google Scholar search base, and in the PubMed and Potal de Períodicos CAPES databases, with searches carried out in the last four years, including publications from 2020 (year 1 of the pandemic). Data collection resulted in the analysis of twenty-three articles. In general, the stress and anxiety triggered by the pandemic influenced dysfunctional eating behaviors of emotional regulation in the general population, while people with ED manifested worsening of symptoms and relapses. The change in routine of life and social isolation were some related factors, however, it was also identified that some symptoms such as restriction and binge eating decreased in a small number of people who continued to receive treatment remotely. Online psychotherapy was an important follow-up, being associated with better control of anorexia nervosa during the pandemic. In addition, nutritional monitoring proved to be an important factor for improving the nutritional status of people with ED and preventing nutritional deficiencies and complications, emphasizing that the establishment of goals for improving the clinical condition should take into account the individualities of the individual and characteristics of TA. In this way, it is noted that the pandemic caused a change in the panorama of AT, in which multidisciplinary treatment both in the recovery process and in the post, will be of great importance for maintaining the health of these people. The nutritionist will set goals for weight recovery and caloric intake with the team, playing an important role during treatment. However, it is emphasized that more studies are needed that emphasize the multidisciplinary treatment of people with ED, and to further explore nutritional monitoring during the treatment and prevention of these disorders.