Programa Bolsa Família: contribuições para educação e cidadania no município de Santo André (PB).

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze the Bolsa Familia program and its ability to contribute in the long term to education and citizenship at the Fenelon Medeiros municipal school, the only elementary school that serves beneficiary families in the city of Santo André (PB). We first analyzed the contributions of the PBF conditionalities in the period between 2007 and 2019 to improve the pass, evasion, failure and age-grade distortion rates and the results in the external evaluations of the SAEB/IDEB. In the second moment, we investigated the perceptions of beneficiary families about the PBF, to improve school practices and impacts on the exercise of citizenship through access to income distribution for families in poverty or extreme poverty. The development of the research depended on studies focused on quantitative data when we built tables, charts, graphs, diagrams, flowcharts and maps that served as a reference for our case study, the qualitative data were the result of data analysis and interviews carried out with 20 (twenty) beneficiary families with at least 10 (ten) years in the PBF, with children enrolled in the school during this period, boosted the scientific basis to prove our investigation. In our theoretical universe, we turned to several authors who investigated the PBF, the conditionalities for education, and the effects of the program to guarantee constitutionally foreseen rights for a social stratification, which requires the presence of the state with income transfer programs to have access universal public policies such as education and health. As a result, we understand that the program through the transfer of income conditioned to education contributed significantly to the improvement of educational indices and results in the external evaluations of the SAEB/IDEB, showing the importance of the program to increase human capital and negatively impact the reproduction of the cycle. intra and intergenerational poverty of these families. In the perceptions about the program, we have an X-ray of the subjectivity expressed by the beneficiaries, presenting their vision of the program as a right and gateway to the exercise of citizenship, fleeing the PBF stigmas as help or kindness from the Brazilian state. We conclude that Brazil stands out as one of the most unequal countries in the world, despite the controversies and interferences in the original format of the program, its ability to alleviate the hunger of millions of families becomes undeniable to the point that we affirm that without a reflection on its importance for Brazilian society and reformulations for greater coverage we can move towards increasing educational, social and income inequality in our country.