Avaliação da recuperação da frequência cardíaca em pacientes submetidos a teste ergométrico.

Abstract

Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in Brazil and in the World. For its evaluation, it is possible to use several complementary tests, being the Exercise Test (ET) one of the most used exams. During this examination, one parameter observed is Heart Rate Recovery (HRR) after exercise. The prevalence of abnormal RFC is related to several clinical outcomes such as sudden death and coronary artery disease (CAD), influenced by several clinical conditions and risk factors. The objective of this study is to evaluate the HRR in patients submitted to ET in reference center. This is an observational cross-sectional study with a descriptive profile, in which the patients submitted to ET were evaluated in a referral hospital in May 2019. The data collected were processed and evaluated in SPSS program for Windows. 247 patients were submitted to ET during the study period, 10 of which were excluded because they did not reach the submaximal heart rate. Of these, 150 patients (63.3%) had a diagnosis of hypertension, 101 (42.6%) were obese and 93 (39.2%) were smokers or former smokers. Of the sample studied, 35 patients (14.8%) had an attenuated HRR in the first minute, considered abnormal values less than or equal to 12 bpm. Age, body mass index, resting heart rate (HR), and aerobic capacity in measures of metabolic equivalent (METs) were significantly different when compared in groups with normal and altered first minute HRRs. The risk factors associated with such a change are Arterial Hypertension and Obesity. Rest HR and aerobic capacity were independent predictors of abnormalities in the HRR. The presence of abnormalities in the HRR were related to older, obese patients with high resting HR compared with patients with normal HRR.