Entendendo o transtorno dismórfico corporal e sua relação com a cirurgia plástica estética: revisão sistemática.

Abstract

Body image is understood the way the individual perceives and feels in relation to his own body. His background has been heavily influenced by the cultural industry, responsible for imposing beauty standards through their association with ideas of success, well-being and happiness. In this context, the body became an object and went through a process of dissent as one of the main promoters of consumption today. Examples of purchased items are cosmetic procedures and cosmetic plastic surgeries. Faced with the ideological pressure created by the dictatorship of beauty, the individual becomes more vulnerable to the forgetfulness of aspects related to human subjectivity, among them, their freedom of autonomy over bodily forms. Therefore, an environment conducive to the occurrence of image disorders, such as Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD), is created when the goal of reaching the idealized forms is not reached. Justifications: Since aesthetic plastic surgery is a medical specialty that deals directly with dissatisfaction with body image, it is pertinent to analyze the relationship between this disorder and patients who seek and undergo such surgical procedures. Objective: To study the TDC in the field of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. Methodology: Secondary analysis of data obtained from the systematized search of articles in the LILACS, SciELO and MEDLINE databases. We selected 8 articles for review. Results: BDD is the most common image disorder in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, its prevalence in this medical specialty ranges from 3% to 15%. Its carriers most often seek aesthetic procedures rather than psychotherapeutic treatment. Conclusion: Data from the literature point to the great relationship between BDD and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, however, differences are found regarding data on prevalence, approach to patients with this disorder, and insufficient data regarding the results of surgical treatments , among other shortcomings. This review only reinforces the need for more research and studies on patients with BDD, so that their diagnosis is facilitated and for those patients to be better treated clinically, in order to receive the best possible treatment: one that can provide them with better quality of life.