Violência obstétrica: características do modelo assistencial, conhecimento e percepção das mulheres internadas em uma maternidade-escola do Nordeste do Brasil.

Abstract

Introduction: Obstetric violence (OV) groups all forms of physical, psychological or verbal abuse that may occur during childbirth care. It is a violation of women's rights and autonomy over their own bodies, which can cause permanent damage associated with childbirth. Objective: To determine characteristics of the delivery care model, situations that may cause suffering to women during labor, knowledge and frequency of OV as perceived by the woman in a maternity hospital in northeastern of Brazil. Methods: We performed a descriptive crosssectional study in which they studied 310 women who had delivered at the Institute de Saúde Elpidio de Almeida (ISEA), on puerperium until 48 hours, during March 2016. Biological, sociodemographic, obstetric, childbirth care, the perception and knowledge of VO were evaluated. Data were entered into Epi Info 7.1.5 program and MedCalc 12.1 and was made descriptive statistical analysis. Results: There was a predominance of young adult women with incomplete secondary education, family income below the minimum wage, unemployed, not white. 99% received prenatal care. There were bed in the labor room to 78%; companion was allowed to 88.7%; 24.2% had pain relief method; 55.4% were cesarean deliveries; 59.8% did not know the indication of surgery; 80.4% of normal deliveries were in lithotomy position; 40.5% were fasting at the time of normal delivery; there was use of oxytocin in 36.1% of cases and 27.1% had amniotomy. The episiotomy rate among normal births was 7.9%. 26.7% knew the term “obstetric violence”; 3.2% considered to have suffered illtreatment. Conclusion: women are still victims of OV without knowing it. The hospital still fails to provide fully humanized care, needing to emphasize proven beneficial acts for pregnant women.