Intervenções educativas para a promoção de práticas parentais positivas na primeira primeira infância: scoping review.

Abstract

The exercise of positive parenting practices is necessary for the promotion of child development. Thus, this study aimed to map the educational interventions carried out by health professionals for the promotion of positive parenting practices in early childhood. This is a descriptive, qualitative study of the Scoping Review type according to the review method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data collection was carried out from September to December 2022, using the Scielo; PubMed; LILACS; CINAHL and Embase databases. As descriptors were used: "Child", "Parenting", "Primary Health Care" and the Boolean operators: AND, OR and NOT. To analyze the corpus, the Content Analysis technique was used, structured in three stages: 1) pre-analysis; 2) exploration of the material; 3) treatment of the results. After applying the filters, 1606 studies were found, and only 133 were selected for reading in full, resulting in a final sample of thirteen included studies. Among these publications had a periodicity from 2018 to 2022, of national and international scope. and that led to two categories: 1) Promotion of positive parenting from the dimensions of care in early childhood: With home visit interventions with the use of some tools such as: individual script, feedback by video and with individual or group orientations, in addition to orientation sessions in health centers, childcare visits with the use of educational booklet, educational activities in groups with game implementation, use of text message and follow-up by supportive visitators 2) Mental health of caregivers as a foundation for the development of positive parenting practices. In view of the above, this study can contribute to the foundation of parental support programs, in addition to raising awareness, training, and encouraging professionals involved in child care to implement parental support actions for early childhood care in order to prioritize and ensure healthy child development. In addition, it can serve as a guide for health entrepreneurs working with child development. However, longitudinal studies that evaluate the long-term impact of these educational interventions are suggested. In addition to qualitative studies, since the subjectivities and individualities of each child-family should also be considered.