Análise da aplicação do índice de mobilidade urbana sustentável (IMUS) na cidade de Pombal-PB.

Abstract

As environmental, economic, and social problems increasingly negatively affect the quality of life in cities, it becomes increasingly necessary to implement sustainability principles and guidelines, as well as monitor the elements that characterize the urban environment. In this context, urban mobility indicators play a fundamental role in providing knowledge and information necessary to understand the problems and peculiarities present in urban centers. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the sustainable urban mobility of the city of Pombal, Paraíba, using the Sustainable Urban Mobility Index (IMUS) as an analysis tool. In total, 59 out of the 87 indicators established by the IMUS Indicator Guide were calculated. The value obtained for the Global IMUS was 0.281 on a scale ranging from 0.00 to 1.00. This value indicates that the city has not adopted public policies with actions favorable to sustainable urban mobility, highlighting the need for improvements in the planning and implementation of measures that promote sustainable transportation, considering social, environmental, and economic aspects. Although the overall result for Pombal was not satisfactory, certain domains, such as "Traffic and Urban Circulation," showed good performance and contributed positively to mobility in the city. The lack of data management, an Origin and Destination Survey, and the absence of exclusive lanes for cyclists and pedestrians were observed. All of these factors highlight the need for improvements in this area to promote more sustainable mobility in the city. The result of the IMUS can be an important instrument for the implementation of municipal public policies aimed at improving urban mobility and accessibility. Furthermore, the calculation of the index can be enhanced, and new indicators can be included in future work to achieve a more comprehensive and accurate analysis of sustainable urban mobility in Pombal.