Intervenções parentais positivas para a promoção do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor na primeiríssima infância: uma revisão integrativa da literatura.

Abstract

Studies indicate that to mitigate potential risks to a child's development and improve their cognitive, mental and motor capabilities, it is essential to employ positive parenting as a tactic to promote a welcoming environment and promote child development. Objective: To summarize what the literature presents about activities to promote positive parenting for neuropsychomotor development in early childhood. Method: This is an integrative literature review, which took place from August to October 2023, in the databases: National Library of Medicine (PubMed Central), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) via PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS and Web of Science, with the search strategy: “Child Development” AND Parenting/Child parent relation AND “Child, Preschool/Preschool child” AND “Early Intervention”. A total of 1,138 were found through database searches. Data analysis was carried out in two phases, in the 1st stage: an export file was generated for the EndNote reference manager, to remove duplicates in each database, then the selection was exported to the free program from the web Rayyan Qatar Computing Research Institute (Rayyan QCRI), which resulted in a quantity of 948 articles for reading titles and abstracts. After this analysis, 898 references were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria; and, in the 2nd stage, a critical analysis of 50 full articles was carried out, of which 40 were excluded for reasons of studies conducted outside the research objectives, reaching the final sample of 10 studies to compose the results. Results: The results were presented in a table, providing a comprehensive overview of the studies, such as authors, titles, objectives, methodological designs, journals, countries and years of publication. The relationship between positive parenting and healthy child development becomes evident. Conclusion: The implementation of activities associated with parental responsibility, such as reading, telling stories, drawing, “showing and naming”, talking, vocalizing songs, participating in playful games, demonstrating responsive communication, maintaining hygiene and safety, providing adequate nutrition, promote love, demonstrate respect for the family unit and provide reminders of household activities, has the ability to stimulate and enhance the cognitive, motor, psychological, social and linguistic development of children in the short and long term, while increasing the child's eagerness and curiosity in their search for knowledge.