Degradabilidade ruminal do rolão e farelo de milho em caprinos e ovinos deslanados mantidos em sombra natural e artificial no semi-árido paraibano.

Abstract

Four goats and four were used sheep distributed in two environments, a natural and other artificial. The animals received ration twice a day in collective stalls and water the will. They were made the physiologic and climatic measurement: rectal temperature, breathing frequency and superficial temperature, as well as the temperatures maxim and minimum, dry and humid bulb and black globe. The electric outlet were accomplished to the 9:00 and the 15:00 hours for eleven days. For the study of the degradability, nylon sacks were incubated containing samples of cob and corn bran in the times of 6, 12, 24 and 48 and 72 hours for the voluminous food and 6, 12, 24, 48 hours for the concentrate. After retreats, the samples were washed with water and droughts in greenhouse for 72 hours, after that period, they were removed and heavy. The effects of the environments and of the species in the fraction b and c of the DM ones in the corn cob were independent, the environment just presented significant effect. In the artificial environment, the average of the degradability of the fraction b (55,36%) it was superior the average obtained in the natural environment (50,97%). the fraction c presented larger value in the natural environment (40,90%) than the artificial (36,51%). Para the fraction b and c of PB, there was not interaction effect, and it was not observed differences among the factors. The values b and c of FDN didn't present interaction effect. With relationship to the fraction b and c of the DM of the Bran of Corn, there was not interaction between species and environment, the degradability of the fraction b of the DM ones for the goats species was superior to the sheep with 60,77% and 56, 47% respectively. Happening the inverse for the fraction c, where the sheep presented superior average to the goats ones (31,93 and 27,63%). DPMS for the goats species was larger than for the species sheep (72,37 and 68,07%, respectively). With relationship to the effective degradability of the DM ones and FDN of cob of Corn there was not interaction effect. The effective degradability to 5% of the DM ones was larger for goats (31,17%) than for sheep (28,48%). the effective degradability of the DM of the Bran of Corn, calculated using rates of passage of 2 and 5%/h, they didn't present interaction among the studied factors. The one of the DM ones (calculated with rate of passage of 2 and 5%/h) of FM for the goats species was superior (60,34 and 49,18%) the one of the sheep (56,88 and 46,51%, respectively). The largest rates of degradability of PLDR and PEDR were of the goats ones in artificial environment. The sheep already had larger rates of PNDR in conditions of natural shade for cob of Corn. With relationship to the Bran of Corn, the species sheep was superior to the goats in the results of PLDR and PEDR indicating that those animals digested the protein of the corn bran better in the rumen than the goats ones. The degradability ruminal of the cob and of the corn bran so much is affected by the species as the environment. The two species possess similar capacity to degrade the rude protein of the corn cob. In the conditions of semi-arid, the use of shades so much natural as artificial, they contribute from a favorable way to the animals in confinement, once it minimizes the climatic effects and it improves the efficiency of the production.