Saúde única (One health) aplicada ao campo da saúde coletiva: a medicina veterinária como alternativa potencializadora de ações de prevenção e promoção da saúde.

Abstract

About 75% of emerging infectious diseases are defined as zoonotic, meaning they can be transmitted naturally from vertebrate animals to humans and vice versa. Consequently, they cause a great impact on the health of the human and animal population, in addition to representing financial expenses by the health system. Thus, the need to adopt effective control and prevention practices is evident. The One Health perspective has great potential to face the demands inherent to the interconnection between human, animal and environment, in the context of public health. Thus, to know the applicability of the One Health approach in the context of the Unified Health System, in Brazil, it is necessary to assess the knowledge and perception of health professionals on the subject, as well as to search for evidence in the literature. Therefore, Chapter I of this dissertation addresses the collection of information on the knowledge and perception of professionals in primary care and health surveillance of the SUS and the One Health approach. This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The study population consists of health surveillance and primary care professionals in the municipality of Currais Novos/RN. Teaching-learning activities were carried out with the servers, and data for the study were collected through evaluative questionnaires prepared by the researcher. Thus, this research analyzed the knowledge, perception and impact of the One Health perspective on the daily lives of these professionals in the face of the problems of One Health, in order to verify whether this approach can prove to be effective within the scope of the SUS. Chapter II, in turn, consists of a systematic literature review that raised evidence on the applicability of the One Health point of view in the surveillance, control and prevention system of zoonoses in Brazil. The study followed the PRISMA recommendation for the development of systematic reviews. The databases searched were Embase, Science Direct, PubMed, and Web of Science. Thus, the results made it possible to identify the main alternatives of applicability of One Health in the context of public health in Brazil. Therefore, the results revealed the potential of using the One Health concepts in the scope of Brazilian public health.