Efeitos da variabilidade climática sobre a produção de leite caprino na zona rural de Monteiro-PB.

Abstract

Dairy goat farming in Brazil presents itself as an important social activity, providing employment and income generation. Goat farming is a widespread activity throughout the country, but with a concentration, especially of the goat herd, in the Brazilian Semiarid region. The rusticity of goats in the face of climatic adversities is centuries old, due to the process of adaptation, natural selection and also due to human influence. In Brazil, around 90% of goat herds are located in the Northeast region, which is home to 92.5% of the country's semi-arid area. Among the states in the Northeast region, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte stand out for producing goat milk, producing around 22,000L/day and 14,000L/day. Goat farming in the Cariri Paraibano region has stood out for its social inclusion, creating a market and a culture of goat milk consumption, improving the quality of life of producers in the semi-arid region and boosting the economy in the territory. Monteiro stands out with an expressive production of goat milk, characterizing a promising scenario for development and significant appreciation of rural properties and herds. Considering the temperature indices and amounts of rainfall in the Monteiro region, over a period of four years (2019, 2020, 2021, 2022) it was found through data graphs tabulated in Excel that the lower temperature indices had a considerable influence with the decline in goat milk production in the rural area of Monteiro in the respective years mentioned.