Um modelo de simulação, via programação linear sequencial, para sistema de recursos hídricos.

Abstract

This work is concerned with the development of a simulation model, based on sequential linear programming, which is applied at each monthly time step, to generate optimal operation policies to an integrated system of reservoirs regarding the maximization of different water users’ requirements, according to predefined priorities. Operational restrictions were included in the model through mathematical linear (node water balance, target and minimum reservoir storage volumes, hydraulic components capacities, etc.) and nonlinear (spills, maximum reservoir release, reservoir water area, etc.) constraints. Nonlinearities were approximated by linear segments and the results were achieved in an iterative way (sequential linear programming) until desired convergence for the objective function relative error was achieved. Irrigation water demand was obtained from water balance at soil. Performance indexes, such as reliability, resiliency and vulnerability, were included in the model to evaluate the system results performance. A study of the Catolé II and Poço Redondo reservoirs system, located at the Piancó river basin, and their water demands for human supply, irrigation, target reservoir storage volume and ecological flow was carried out to analyze the performance of the system and the developed model. Three water requirement scenarios for human supply and irrigation, while keeping operational and hydro-climatic parameters constants, were simulated. The simulation time span was 684 months. The obtained results have sh