Aproveitamento de água de chuva para usos não potáveis no setor residencial de Bananeiras-PB: estratégia para crise hídrica.

Abstract

This study examines the potential for rainwater harvesting and savings in potable water usage in residential buildings in Bananeiras, Paraíba. Through geoprocessing, 5,206 buildings were identified, grouped into 34 classes, with 12 representing 97% of the total. Statistical analysis revealed high savings in potable water, ranging from 41.86% to 96.15%, capturing an average annual volume of 36,144.50m³ even in a region with water scarcity. Simulations indicated that 2000-liter reservoirs meet population demands. At the urban scale, environmental, economic, and social benefits are highlighted, such as cost reduction for water utility companies, decreased losses in the supply system, and stimulation of local economic development. The adoption of rainwater harvesting systems results in significant savings in potable water throughout the year, contributing to environmental sustainability and strengthening community resilience in the face of water crises. Sustainable policies and technical and financial support are recommended for the widespread use of rainwater harvesting systems in urban areas of the Brazilian semi-arid region. The study emphasizes the financial benefits, quality of life, and water security provided by rainwater harvesting.