Avaliação de impacto ambiental da falta de drenagem urbana no Riacho São Sebastião em Patos-PB.

Abstract

One of the most noticeable problems in Brazilian urban centers is the inefficiency and/or absence of drainage and rainwater management, which is one of the axes of basic sanitation. Often disregarded by public authorities, urban drainage, when inadequate, can result in calamitous situations for the population, especially in periods of rainfall. This problem reinforces the need to study the environmental impacts generated, so that governments have a north in the creation of public policies consistent with the local reality of each municipality. Based on the above, this study aimed to evaluate the environmental impacts resulting from the lack of urban drainage in the São Sebastião Stream in Patos-PB. To carry out the research, the methodology used was based on bibliographic research, field visits, photographic records and the application of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) tools, in which the survey of anthropic activities was made, the simplified diagnosis of drainage conditions, the identification and analysis of the impacts present, the proportion of control measures and environmental plans and programs. From the results, there was a precariousness in the management of rainwater and urban drainage in the stream and its surroundings, in which 68 environmental impacts were identified, all of which were adverse and 42.65% “Very Significant” and 57.35% “Significant”. For the significant and very significant environmental impacts, environmental control measures were suggested, highlighting: developing an Urban Drainage Master Plan (UDMP); implementing a sustainable macro-drainage system in the São Sebastião Stream; promoting the expansion and sustainable adequacy of the microdrainage system. Of the proposed environmental plans and programs, the following stand out: Water Quality Monitoring Plan of Water Bodies in the municipality of Patos-PB and the Program of Control and Monitoring of Basic Sanitation Actions of the city of Patos-PB. This study allowed us to analyze the environmental situation of the São Sebastião stream and its surroundings, and to realize that the problems identified in the area of influence are common in several urban centers, due to the fact that there is no sustainability in the management of rainwater and urban drainage. The research was deepened with the EIA tools, proposing measures that will contribute to the sustainable development of the area and minimize the disorders suffered by the local population.