Análise comparativa das usinas de tratamento mecânico-biológico brasileiras.

Abstract

The present research focuses on the Mechanical-Biological Treatment (TMB) for Urban Solid Waste (RSU) in Brazil, making a performance evaluation of the operating plants through the Benchmarking method. The research was based on analysis of bibliographic and documentary material, divided into three stages: the first is the cataloging of Brazilian TMB plants through the national website and the state environmental licensing sites; the second is the comparative evaluation between the operating TMB plants in compliance with the principles and objectives of the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS); and the third is the application of the Benchmarking method to evaluate the performance of operating plants in Brazil, using indicators of the operational, economic, environmental and social types. With the application of the methodology it was observed that: Asa Sul, Ceilândia and Piracicaba obtained 81.82% of compliance with the principles. Regarding the PNRS objectives, the plants serve 73.33 (Asa Sul and Ceilândia) and 83.33 (Piracicaba). Several problems were identified in the licensing sites, making it difficult to access information. With the cataloging, 10 plants were identified, which in the coming years will add an installed treatment capacity of around 10,000 tons per day. The analysis by the Benchmarking method pointed to the Eco park of Piracicaba as the one with the best performance among the operators, secondly the plant in Ceilândia, and finally, the plant in Asa Sul. It is concluded that there should be improvements in the licensing sites in Brazil , to facilitate the consultation of the population in general, that the TMB is in the process of expansion in the country, and becomes another alternative in the treatment of MSW, with the possibility of generating energy, organic compounds, and separation and reutilization of recyclable.