Cinema e ontologia social no realismo capitalista-humanista - uma análise sociossemiótica da relação humano-máquina em franquias de ficção científica pós 1980.

Abstract

This study addresses the relationship between cinema, capitalist realism, and the anthropological machine in the context of semiotic capitalism, focusing on the different ontological approaches present in science fiction films produced in the post-1980 United States. This analysis was developed based on the franchises Blade Runner (1982 - 2017), The Terminator (1984 - 2019), Robocop (1987 - 2014), and The Matrix (1999 - 2021), as they are films that have influenced the social imaginary in a way that they are products-producers of capitalist realism. They also address issues related to humanity, identity, memory, freedom, and reality within a context of power relations between humans and their technical-cultural productions, through aesthetics and narratives strongly influenced by the cyberpunk subgenre, where megacorporations and/or machines control people's lives, and technology is omnipresent. The data collection regarding film synopses, box office, and production was carried out through the IMDB database. It was initially observed that the 1990s had the highest number of films addressing the themes discussed here, which may be related to the historical-social context of new interactions resulting from the popularization of digital technologies. Furthermore, it can be concluded that all the analyzed franchises bring differentiated and complex reflections on the relationship between humans and machines, sometimes strengthening this boundary, sometimes questioning it, thus offering both criticism and defense of a certain capitalist-humanistic realism.