Transformações das políticas de transferência de renda e de suporte social no Brasil no período de 1990 a 2020: uma análise das experiências dos beneficiários.

Abstract

The objective of this work is to build a history of Public Policies of Income Transfer and Social Support in Brazil, considering the programs created related, implemented during the period from 1990 to 2022, as well as analyzing experiences of beneficiaries of said policies and programs. The theoretical perspective is based on the concept of public policies and an analysis of documents in which they are the PPTR/PPSV and the Programs resulting from it crystallized. The methodology adopted included conducting semi-structured interviews with a non-random sample of beneficiaries, constituted by indication and willingness to participate in the research. Between the main conclusions of the work, we highlight the following: (1) The PPTR and PPSV in Brazil follows a historical line that is related to national political history; (2) The PPTR and PPSV are gaining ground under the PT governments and suffer a decline in the governments of Temer and Bolsonaro; (3) In relation to PPTR, the phenomenon of financialization, observed in other public policies, such as those in the sphere of Health and of Education, with the financial system investing in the niche of beneficiaries, from 2016; (4) beneficiaries' experiences are marked by the meaning of PPTR and PPSV in their lives, although social stratification in Brazil does not seem to have changed significantly with the aforementioned policies; (5) the PBF is experienced by women as female empowerment experience; (6) the conditionalities present in the PBF and absent in the PAB and AET are seen as positive by the beneficiaries interviewed.