Degradação ambiental no entorno da bacia hidráulica do açude de Sumé-PB.

Abstract

Satellite imagery has been an important tool for environmental degradation studies. Some anthropic and natural activities have contributed to the advance of such modification in nature. The main objective of this work was to identify the main activities that are causing degradation and to develop thematic maps that show the spatial-temporal evolution of this environmental degradation for the periods considered dry in the region of Cariri Paraibano, taking into account the years of 1990, 2005, 2008 and 2010. The images used in this research were acquired from INPE's image catalog; Images from Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 were used and Spring 5.2.7 was used to perform digital image processing and the Scarta module to generate the maps. From the results obtained, we observed that, from the year 1990, the area of exposed soil had an increase of 21.17%, about 42.92 km2, until the last year in study (2010), it was also observed that about of 32.18% (15.87 km2), of dense vegetation, was removed from this area. Deforestation and agricultural practices without adequate agricultural techniques have stood out as the main activities that have increased environmental degradation around the Sumé-PB reservoir, causing a change in biodiversity and possibly provoking a major silting in the spring.