Estimativa da vulnerabilidade à erosão dos solos do Estado da Paraíba.

Abstract

This work estimated the degree of vulnerability to soil erosion (GVES) based on the relationship between the natural erosion potential (PNE) and the soil loss tolerance limit (LTP), applied to the State of Paraíba using geoprocessing techniques for modeling the data based on information contained in the representative profiles of the Soil Bulletins of the State of Paraíba and the Agricultural Zoning of the State of Paraíba and on rainfall and altitude data. The results showed that the use of geoprocessing and kriging techniques allowed estimating and mapping the degree of vulnerability to soil erosion. The K Factor, even appearing in the very high class observed by the R and S Factors, leading the LTP to the Degree of Vulnerability to Soil Erosion (GVES) to present itself in good proportion in the middle class, smoothing the result. Despite its limitations, the information generated in this study of the knowledge of the spatial variability of vulnerability can be used in decision-making and serve as support for conservation planning, thus being able to develop strategies for management and conservation of soil and water. The distribution was symmetrical, the kurtosis indicated a platykurtic distribution, where the greatest variations in amplitude and irregular distribution were present in the variables Factor K and LTP. The greatest regularity was in Factor R, in which the Shapiro-Wilk test showed the smallest difference between them. It could be said that there is similarity and agreement between the tests used in this work and led to accept the normality of the data. Keywords: Environmental degradation, erosion risk, soil loss, geoprocessing.