Entre rios: estudo de caso da composição histórica e conhecimento local da comunidade Forte Velho, PB.

Abstract

The study carried out in the community of Forte Velho, municipality of Santa Rita, PB, took place between January 2017 and January 2019, with the aim of characterizing the fishing activity practiced, its socioeconomic aspects, fishing strategies and areas, identifying fish species coming from the sustainability of the main resources in the region and to identify cultural features related to artisanal fishing, their difficulties and perspectives; relating tradition and relevance to the fishing activity carried out in the community. For this study, qualitative and quantitative data were collected through structured interviews and direct observations on the spot with 35 participants, identified as fishermen. These subsidized the identification of 20 fishing grounds, 11 types of catches and 32 exploited species, such as Carapeba, Camurupim, Pescada Amarela, Robalo / Camurim and Mullet, among those of different commercial value, followed by crustaceans (shrimp and Crab Uçá) and mollusks ("Sernambi - shellfish" and oysters), respectively. The local fleet consists of 41 vessels Local fishermen are in activity on average almost 30 years, are 46 years old on average and the monthly gain does not exceed 02 minimum wages. The features employed were Garmin etreX 10 GPS receiver device with low positional accuracy, and GPS Track Maker software version 13.8 and semi-structured field forms for tabulation and analysis of results. The results showed that the reconfigurations in the state of the art of fishing have raised interest in rescuing the memory narratives of the community life and work environment of the populations studied, as well as their perception of the new scenarios of changes in the membership because it has passed. The characteristics of fishing and the community suggest significant changes in the appreciation of its cultural and traditional aspects. Community-scale artisanal fishing, although economically important, is in the process of transition as extra-fishing activities become more evident in the working life of fishermen. Research data suggest a significant decrease in local fishing activity during the last decade due to the decrease of stocks, devaluation of local knowledge and the disorganization of the sector as a result of the emergence of new professional perspectives. The results showed that the reconfigurations in the state of the art of fishing have raised interest in rescuing the memory of the community life and work environment of the studied populations, as well as their perception of the new scenarios of changes in the membership because it has passed The characteristics of fishing and the community suggest significant changes in the appreciation of its cultural and traditional aspects. However, in the case of fishermen, it is important to note that in the case of fishermen, Research data suggest a significant decrease in local fishing activity during the last decade due to the decrease of stocks, devaluation of local knowledge and the disorganization of the sector as a result of the emergence of new professional perspectives.