Reduced levels of genetic variation in Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil, based on analysis of the mitochondrial ND5 gene.

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Aedes albopictus, a mosquito originally from Southeast Asia, is considered to be one of the main vectors of dengue fever, yel- low fever and other arboviruses. We examined the genetic variability and population structure of 68 individuals of Ae. albopictus collected from ive neighborhoods of the city of Manaus, based on the mitochon- drial gene coding for NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5). Two hap- lotypes were found, separated by a single mutational event (T ↔ C), with extremely low levels of genetic variability (h = 0.187 ± 0.059; π = 0.00044 ± 0.00014). Based on AMOVA, we concluded that most of the variation (99.08%) occurred within populations, though the levels of variation were not signiicant. Neutrality tests (Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs) were non-signiicant, indicating that these populations are in genetic equilibrium. The most frequent haplotype (H1) is restricted to Brazilian populations of Ae. albopictus, while the rarer haplotype (H2) is shared with populations from the United States and Asia. We suggest that the reduced variability and low genetic structure identiied in our study is a consequence of the recent introduction of this species in Manaus, pos- sibly through a founder effect, followed by expansion throughout the city neighborhoods. Genetic similarity would therefore be due to insuf- icient time to have accumulated genetic differences between the popu- lations of Ae. albopictus and not to extensive gene low among them.